The following has been brought into question from one of the brothers, and I will cite its text: Assalamu alaykum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu... The controversy here in Syria regarding the banner of Rasoolullah (saw) has increased, including the disagreements. One of the questions that were directed to the Islamic Authority of al-Sham on its website titled: "Is there a specific banner for Syrians to abide?" The following was mentioned…

Question Six: Moon-sighting at the beginning of the lunar months is raised every year in our Islamic community in Ramadan... What is our position to those who say using the astronomical calculations is an alternative to sighting to prove the start of Ramadan? Is it only an outweigh opinion or rejected, which is batil (invalid)? In other words, can this evidence (shub'hit daleel) be understood in any other manner or…

Question Three: In a discussion with someone, who prays (salah) at the required times, but does not pray Salaatul Jumaah (Friday prayer) with people, rather prays it as duhr (noon prayer). So when I refused this, he said that the presence of the Khaleefah is a condition for the validity of the Salaatul Jumaah (Friday prayer). Do any of the fiqh scholars hold this opinion? And what is the Hizb's…