By the end of 1258 CE, Hülegü, a Mongol leader and grandson of Genghis Khan, had sacked Baghdad and executed the last Abbasid Khaleefah, Caliph al-Musta'sim. Under the instructions of his brother Mongke – the Great Khan - Hülegü turned his army’s attention to ash-Sham and Egypt al-Kinanah, with the goal of subjugating the entire region under Mongol rule.

Allah (swt) prioritizes the performance of a Shariah obligation that has a time-bound limitation, over a Shariah obligation that does not. Allah (swt) has also prioritized within Shariah obligations, when they conflict. Allah (swt) has permitted those who are preoccupied with saving the life of a protected person, to delay their praying Salah, out of this Shariah necessity.

In today's world, success is often measured by economic growth, political influence, technological advancements, and adherence to modern democratic principles. Many nations define progress through concepts such as liberal freedoms, gender equality, and international recognition.

There is no doubt that everyone watched the heated interview between US President Donald Trump and Ukrainian President Zelensky, at the White House, at the end of last month. It was a tumultuous and eye-catching encounter that captured the attention of all observers.